Vortex Rings

Hi world!

Sorry that neither of us have been very active on this blog recently... We have our exams starting next week so pressure is pretty high right now.

I was just taking a break/ procrastinating and came across something I thought would be fun to post about. 

Vortex Rings

A vortex ring, also called a toroidal vortex, is a torus shaped vortex in a fluid; that is, a region where the fluid mostly spins around an imaginary axis line that forms a closed loop. The dominant flow in a vortex ring is toroidal.

Vortex rings are plentiful in turbulent flows of liquids and gases, but are unnoticeable unless the motion of the fluid is revealed by suspended particles. Some common examples of vortex rings in every day life are the smoke rings which are often produced intentionally or accidentally by smokers. Fiery vortex rings are also a commonly produced trick by fire eaters. Visible vortex rings can also formed by the firing of certain artillery, in mushroom clouds, and in microbursts.

A vortex ring usually tends to move in a direction that is perpendicular to the plane of the ring and such that the inner edge of the ring moves faster forward than the outer edge. Within a stationary body of fluid, a vortex ring can travel for relatively long distance, carrying the spinning fluid with it.

(smoking is bad don't do it)

but this is a cool example of science so I'll let it slide

Dayla

CERN

Hey guys sorry it's been a while, we've been busy with revision and all that stuff but we're back and we missed you!! We're really happy with all the responses and we've reached over 1,000 views!!!
Currently we are on a school trip together, in CERN, geneva! Today we actually went to see the Large Hadron Collider, which unfortunately has been shut down due to maintenance. This was still really interesting to see and we were taken around by CERN scientists for the tour to see ATLAS and CMS. Will post pictures when we can!


Alice

The Guardian News

Hey guys!! As much as we know you love science, PLEASE do not try this at home

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/aug/03/atom-splitting-attempt-swedish-kitchen

Thanks to our friend Ashland who found this, enjoy!!



Alice

Cosmic Rays

In the 3rd episode of Wonders of the Universe by Brian Cox (see below) there was the mention of cloud chambers. These chambers have allowed scientists to see the paths of ionising particles since 1912 (it is a chamber filled with supersaturated alcohol). These particles can also be affected by magnetic fields; the positive and negative particles curve in opposite ways to each other.

The particles that are seen in these cloud chambers do not come from the earth - they are travelling at a much too high speed with too much energy to come from such a close source.

Cosmic rays are most commonly protons. By travelling the paths of unaffected gamma rays (given off when protons collide with other protons) it can be seen that the high-speed protons originate from the two largest supernova remnants in the Milky Way. As these high speed protons collide with slower protons, it releases a neutral pion, instantaneously decaying into two gamma rays, having lower energy than normal gamma rays, therefore not showing up in the energy spectrum, making the discovery of the origin of the cosmic rays harder to trace. However, there are still questions regarding the MAIN causation of these rays.




Alice

Absolute Zero is no longer Absolute Zero

WHaT?! Something we learnt in GCSE  science isn't actually the whole truth?!???! Yeah, okay... welcome to my life

Scientists have rewritten the known laws of physics after hitting a temperature lower than absolute zero. Physicists at the Ludwig Maximilian University in Germany created a quantum gas using potassium atoms, fixing them in a standard lattice group using magnetic fields and lasers. When the magnetic fields were rapidly adjusted, the atoms shifted from a low energy state to their highest possible energy state. That rapid transition— along with the laser trapping field that kept the atoms in place — allowed the temperature of the gas to dip "a few billionths of a Kelvin below absolute zero."

The intriguing breakthrough could lead to the creation of "new forms of matter" in laboratories, but there are some side effects. Normally a cloud of atoms would be pulled downward by gravity, but some atoms in a group that’s below absolute zero could instead float upwards. Affected atoms in the modified gas also appear to mimic dark energy —hypothetically responsible for the expansion of the universe — by avoiding collapsing in on themselves.

Physics is so cool

http://www.sciencemag.org/content/339/6115/52

I couldn't really find a suitable photograph for this post so please just enjoy this picture of a polar bear

Dayla

Euthanasia Coaster

Some people use Physics for good… and some use it to design a roller coaster that will kill you by the end of the ride. Behold, the Euthanasia Coaster!

“Euthanasia Coaster” is a hypothetic euthanasia machine in the form of a roller coaster, engineered to humanely – with elegance and euphoria – take the life of a human being. Riding the coaster’s track, the rider is subjected to a series of intensive motion elements that induce various unique experiences: from euphoria to thrill, and from tunnel vision to loss of consciousness, and, eventually, death. Thanks to the marriage of the advanced cross-disciplinary research in space medicine, mechanical engineering, material technologies and, of course, gravity, the fatal journey is made pleasant, elegant and ritualistic. Celebrating the limits of the human body but also the liberation from the horizontal life, this ‘kinetic sculpture’ is in fact the ultimate roller coaster: John Allen, former president of the famed Philadelphia Toboggan Company, once sad that “the ultimate roller coaster is built when you send out twenty-four people and they all come back dead. This could be done, you know.”

Dayla

The Elements Song!

The elements song! One of our favourites... I really want to learn the words it would be such a cool party trick...

Alice and I might make a video of ourselves attempting to sing it and add it to this post soon... so stay tuned!
It's going to be pretty tragic.

Dayla (and Alice in spirit)